This rebellion, known as the Stono Rebellion, happened in 1739 and has … In a colony that already had more blacks than whites, the Assembly also imposed a prohibitive duty on the importation of new slaves from Africa and the West Indies. The rebellion took place on the bank of the Stono River (hence the name). The uprising was led by native Africans who were likely from the Central African Kingdom of … Along the way, the gang recruited more slaves and the reluctant ones were forced to join the company. The leader was a man named Jemmy, who belonged to the Cato, or Cater, family. Some were killed while others were sold off to slave markets in West Indies. On September 9, 1739, a group of about 20 South Carolina slaves assembled and marched to a firearms store. It was led by an Angolan named Jemmy. The other 20 slaves are believed to be former soldiers. The Stono Rebellion was the largest uprising of enslaved Africans to take place during the colonial period. This led them to ban the slave trade from Africa for a short time in the mid-18 th century. ", and chanted the same word in unison. Peter H. Wood, Black Majority: Negroes in Colonial South Carolina from 1670s through the Stono Rebellion (London: W.W. Norton and Co, 1974); http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part1/1p284.html. This provided an opportunity for slave leaders to carry out a rebellion when armed whites are occupied in church. The Stono Rebellion (sometimes called Cato's Conspiracy or Cato's Rebellion) was a slave rebellion that commenced on 9 September 1739, in the colony of South Carolina.It was the largest slave uprising in the British mainland colonies, with 21 whites and 44 blacks killed. They also burned their houses. On September 9, 1739, a slave named Jemmy (also referred to as “Cato” in some records) assembled a group of 20 Angolan slaves near Stono River, about 20 miles southwest of Charleston, South Carolina. About 23-28 slave overseers (whites) were killed in the processes and six plantations were burned. The confrontation led to the death of 47 slaves and 23 whites. From the store, they marched southwards to Spanish Florida which was a famous refuge for escapees. The Stono Rebellion (Cato’s Rebellion or Cato’s Conspiracy) was a slave insurrection that began on September 9, 1739, in the British colony of South Carolina and culminated with the death of 60 people, mostly African slaves. A malaria outbreak in Charlestown had recently killed many whites and weakened slaveholders and the slaves may have wanted to make use of the opportunity caused by the epidemic. The 1739 Stono Rebellion – The Largest Slave Revolt in Colonial America. This date was important to them as the Catholic celebration of the Virgin Mary's nativity; like the religious symbols they used, taking action on this date connected their Catholic past with present purpose. Seeds Of Revolution By: Nikhil and Eun Su Stono Rebellion 1739 Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The slaves found in South Carolina spoke Portuguese. The rebellion was led by an Angolan slave by the name of Jemmy, otherwise known as Cato. The heads of the killed slaves were chopped off and placed on the sides of major roadways to act as a warning to other slaves. On September 9, 1739, Jemmy gathered a group of 20 African slaves near the Stono River. Africans in America/Part 1/The Stono Rebellion South Carolina, September 9, 1739: A band of slaves march down the road, carrying banners that proclaim "Liberty!". The Stono Rebellion resulted in a ten-year moratorium on slave imports through Charles Town and enacted a harsher slave code, which banned earning money and education for slaves. In 1739, Jemmy, a slave who possessed the magical ability to read, led the Stono Rebellion in South Carolina seeking freedom. Types Of Crimes By Number Of Offenses In The US, The 10 Biggest Shopping Malls In The World. Although the immediate factor that led to the revolt remains unclear, several factors may have contributed to the uprising. After breaking into Hutchinson’s store the band, now armed with guns, called for their liberty. While most of these rebellions occurred after the American Revolution, one rebellion happened before the founding of the United States. This was not a coincidence. He quickly informed other slaveholders and planters who rallied a militia to confront the group. Many slaves knew that small groups of runaways had made their way from South Carolina to Florida, where … Jemmy and the slaves who took part in the Stono Rebellion have been identified as slaves mainly from the ancient Kongo Empire. On Sunday, September 9th, 1739 the British colony of South Carolina was shaken by a slave uprising that culminated with the death of sixty people. On the morning of September 9, 1739, about twenty slaves in Saint Paul's Parish, South Carolina, broke into a small store and took guns, powder, and shot. Thus the enslaved leaders of the rebellion knew their best chance for success would be during the time of the church services when armed white males were away from the plantations. Forego a bottle of soda and donate its cost to us for the information you just learned, and feel good about helping to make it available to everyone! The group was chanting slogans proclaiming their liberty as they headed towards St. Augustine in Spanish Florida, a haven for escaped slaves. On September 9, 1739, the largest slave rebellion in the American colonies before the American Revolution took place in South Carolina, when a group of recent arrivals from Africa, probably the Congo, under the leadership of a man named Jemmy, rose up in arms, deciding that death was preferable to slavery. In a retelling of the rebellion by his supposed great-great grandson George Cato, he reckons, “The first Cato take a darin’ chance on losin’ his life, not so much for his own benefit as it was to help others.” Of course, there are conflicting narratives as to how the rebellion was … The band reached the Edisto River where white colonists descended upon them, killing most of the rebels. Slaves gathered, raided a firearms shop, and headed south, killing more than 20 white people as they went. It resulted in a ten year moratorium on the international slave trade into South Carolina and helped set the stage for the American … From the store, they marched southwards to Spanish Florida which was a famous refuge for escapees. The Stono Rebellion was one of the largest slave rebellions in the colonies prior to the American Revolution. This influx put whites in fear of slave rebellions and led them to implement stricter controls on slaves. Slave rebe… Cato the anti-Federalist, pseudonym for an American author of Anti-Federalist Papers in the late 1780s, probably the politician George Clinton; Cato, an alternate name, possibly erroneous, for the leader of the Stono slave rebellion The act required all white men to carry firearms to church on Sunday. They killed between twenty to twenty-five whites. The details of the 1739 event are uncertain, as documentation for the incident comes from only one firsthand report and several secondhand reports. Other slaves joined the rebellion until the group reached about 60 members. The following day (September 10), the militia, numbering about 99 men confronted Jemmy and his group (who numbered about 76) at Edisto River. The leader of the revolt was Jemmy, who in some reports is referred to as Cato. The basic cause of the Stono Rebellion was the fact that society in South Carolina was changing with large numbers of new slaves being brought to the colony. As they marched, overseers were killed and reluctant slaves were forced to join the company. The slaves who escaped the battle were tracked down and captured. It occurred on September 9, 1739 in the colony of South Carolina near the Stono River, hence the name of the rebellion. They attacke… The Stono Rebellion occurred during the early morning hours of Sunday, September 9, 1739. The Stono Rebellion was the largest slave revolt in the British colonies. Regarding this, was the Stono Rebellion successful? All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions © 2021 worldatlas.com, 10 Countries Where Women Far Outnumber Men, The Most Famous Serial Killers In America And Their Twisted Crimes. Authorities also tightened control over the enslaved. The survivors were sold off to the West Indies. How is a person like Jimmy cultivated in the slave communities that exist there? Jemmy, the leader of the revolt, was a literate slave described as Angolan, which likely meant from the kingdom of Kongo in Central Africa. [4] The Africans marched down the roadway with a banner that read "Liberty! The Stono Rebellion of 1739 resulted in bloodshed, however, not freedom, with residual effects on Southern blacks — none of them good — that lasted more than a century. Do you find this information helpful? The rebellion was led by Angolan called Jemmy (referred to as Cato in some reports) and a band of 20 slaves who were likely from the Kingdom Kongo in Central Africa, as the majority spoke Portuguese. The apparent leader of the rebellion is a man identified by whites as “Jemmy,” and by his … While on his daily duties, Lieutenant Governor William Bull of South Caroline came across the group but did not confront them. Stono Rebellion road marker, South Carolina, July 2009. The Stono rebellion was one of the uprisings led by slaves this was sad in one way how violence brought … Sundays were generally a day off for South Carolina slaves, most of whom were allowed to grow their own gardens, socialize, and congregate without permission on the Sabbath. Throughout the days of slavery in North America, there were dozens of slave rebellions. We call it the Stono Rebellion because it started in a plantation district (a “general area of settlement,” in one scholar’s suitably vague phrase) known as Stono, which had taken its name from the river that ran near it, the Stono River, which had taken its name from a Native American tribe, the Stono or Stonoe or Stonowe, who when Carolina was founded in 1663 … Although the slaves lost the battle, they killed more whites than in later rebellions. A malaria epidemic in Charlestown, which caused general confusion throughout Carolina, may have influenced the timing of the Rebellion. It was the largest slave uprising in the British mainland colonies, with 25 colonists and 35 to 50 Africans killed. Led by an Angolan named Jemmy, a band of twenty Africans organized a rebellion on the banks of the Stono River. The Stono Rebellion took place near the Stono River in South Carolina 20 miles (30 km) southwest of Charlestown (now Charleston) and it began on the 9th of September 1739 (which was a Sunday – a day on which white slave masters did not carry their firearms to church). Q: Jemmy was the leader of the Stono Rebellion. Photo by Henry of Saussure Copeland (CC BY-NC 2.0), African American History: Research Guides & Websites, Global African History: Research Guides & Websites, African Americans and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, The Alma Stephenson Dever Page on Afro-britons, With Pride: Uplifting LGBTQ History On Blackpast, Preserving Martin Luther King County’s African American History, Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), Envoys, Diplomatic Ministers, & Ambassadors, African American Newspapers, Magazines, and Journals, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part1/1p284.html. Because Jemmy was born in Africa, slaveowners believed they needed American-born African slaves. The Stono Rebellion led to the passage of the 1740 Negro Act which required one white supervise at most ten slaves in any plantation. The uprising was led by native Africans who were likely from the Kingdom of Kongo.Some of the … Jemmy and the Stono Rebellion, knowledgeisking.ning.com. BlackPast.org is a 501 (c)(3) non-profit organization. The Stono River Slave Rebellion, which is how the National Park Service's historic landmarks division refers to it, commenced on a Sunday. On September 9, 1739, Jemmy gathered a group of 20 African slaves near the Stono River. At the Tone River Bridge, the group attacked Hutchenson’s store where they killed the two shopkeepers and seized weapons and ammunition. After breaking into a store that sold firearms and having recruited more people along the way, they called for their liberty. By the time they stop to rest for the night, their numbers will have approached one hundred. "Cato" aka Jemmy, the leader of the Stono Rebellion; Pseudonym. Since Spanish Florida hosted slave escapees from the British colonies, the slaves were hopeful of reaching the Spanish territories which were about 150 miles from Stone. Sometimes the uprising is called Cato’s Rebellion. On Sunday, September 9th, 1739 the British colony of South Carolina was shaken by a slave uprising that culminated with the death of sixty people. How Many Serial Killers Are On The Loose Today? There were around twenty black Carolinians that executed the rebellion. While white families were in church, a slave called Jemmy (Greenlee 93) led a group of about 20 slaves who broke into a store, killed the store owner, and armed themselves with a supply of guns and ammunition. A small donation would help us keep this accessible to all. The Assembly enacted a new law requiring a ratio of one white for every ten blacks on any plantation and passed the Negro Act of 1740 which prohibited enslaved people from growing their own food, assembling in groups, earning money they, rather than their owners, could retain or learning to read. The recent (August 1739) passage of the Security Act by the South Carolina Colonial Assembly may also have played a role. It took place near the Stono River, about 20 miles southwest of Charleston, South Carolina. The Stono Rebellion was arguably America’s first human rights rebellion and was led by an enslaved Angolan warrior named “Jemmy.” It was the largest and most successful “slave revolt” against British slavery and domination in the United States. There, they killed the shopkeepers and armed themselves. Slaves were also prohibited from growing their food or learning to read. All donations are tax deductible. Masters, for example, were penalized for imposing excessive work or brutal punishments of slaves and a school was started so that slaves could learn Christian doctrine. Some of the survivors were sold off to the West Indies. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. It would seem, given the unsettling racial unrest of 2020, that those consequences are lingering still. The Stono Slave Rebellion was one of the earliest known slave rebellions in the New World. Jemmy was a literate slave who was held by the Caters, a family who lived near Stono River. At the Tone River Bridge, the group attacked Hutchenson’s store where they killed the two shopkeepers and seized weapons and ammunition. On Sunday, 9 September 1739, Jemmy gathered 20 enslaved Africans near the Stono River, 20 miles (30 km) southwest of Charleston. The Stono Rebellion (sometimes called Cato's Conspiracy or Cato's Rebellion) was a slave rebellion that began on 9 September 1739, in the colony of South Carolina.It was the largest slave uprising in the British mainland colonies, with 42-47 whites and 44 blacks killed. Stono rebellion, large slave uprising on September 9, 1739, near the Stono River, 20 miles (30 km) southwest of Charleston, South Carolina. After identifying Jemmy as the leader of the Stono rebellion, the South Carolina authorities tried to increase their control over slavery. Led by an Angolan named Jemmy, a band of twenty slaves organized a rebellion on the banks of the Stono River. They shout out the same word. The passage of the Security Act of 1739 required all white men to carry guns to church on Sundays. Rebellion. The immediate factors that sparked the uprising remain in doubt. The Stono Rebellion (sometimes called Cato's Conspiracy or Cato's Rebellion) was a slave rebellion that began on 9 September 1739, in the colony of South Carolina. On their way, they ransacked an arms and ammunitio… The band reached the Edisto River where white colonists descended upon them, killing most of the rebels. The working conditions of the slaves were also improved and slave masters were prohibited from provoking their slaves. The group then marched down the road carrying a banner with the words “liberty” and chanting the same in unison. Led by an Angolan named Jemmy, a band of twenty slaves … How Many Serial Killers Are Active In The UK Now? Along the way, the ga… In the end, all the principal slaves were captured and decapitated. The Stono Rebellion took place near the Stono River in South Carolina. The Stono Rebellion, also known as Cato's Rebellion or Cato's Conspiracy, was a slave revolt led by an Angolan man known only as "Jemmy." The legislature also prohibited the importation of new slaves from the West Indies and Africa. A slave called Jemmy led a group of about 20 slaves toward violence They killed the store owner and took guns and ammunition From there the slaves moved southward from plantation slaughtering whites including women and children. ... led by Jemmy, tried to make their way to Saint Augustine, where the Spanish government had promised them … In a letter dated October 5, 1739, less than a … The Stono Rebellion was the largest rebellion mounted by enslaved people against enslavers in colonial America. 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